Instead, marked by a monumental work of the sculptor Emile Gilioli, became a symbol of resistance. "The great white bird of Gilioli has planted its greenhouses here." With its wing of hope, his amputee wing combat, and between them, the sun rising. "September 3, 1973, André Malraux ready lyrical at the inauguration of the national monument to the resistance of the plateau des Glières, Haute-Savoie. This magnificent work that represents the Sun in one hand (15 metres high over a length of 21 metres and a disc of 65 tons), is not a memorial to the dead. Its creator wanted it expresses the commitment of the Glières fighters and is in harmony with the mountains ridge lines extend.
In February 1944, this plateau, about 1,500 metres of altitude, surrounded by cliffs, limestone and remote of 30 km from Annecy, is registered as a drop zone of weapons by a mission Franco as a base of operations to harass the Germans at the landing anticipated allies and show them that the French resistance under the leadership of General de Gaulleare militarily. Since January 31, Tom Morel, saint-cyrien and the resistance since 1942, moved to the Glières with 120 rebels. Pursued by the forces of the Vichy Government, many fighters of the secret army then join them on this difficult access plateau. In the winter of 1944, the maquis des Glières will have 350 members Communist, Christian, Slavic, Spanish, top-savoyards, Pyrenean or Parisian, and all combine Tom Morel motto: "live free or die". They were the first large battle of the resistance to some 2,000 soldiers of the Wehrmacht. Forty-one hundred nine of them will die under the German bullets or deportation.
From mid-February 1944, the resistance fighters are under siege by mobile guards, GMR (reserve of Vichy police mobile group) and French militia who want to lead a peacekeeping operation in the strictly French order, with more than 1,100 gendarmes, 900 mobile guards, 800 GMR and 250 militiamen. Before the failure of the police in Vichy, the Germans decide to intervene. The Wehrmacht initiates the operation "Hoch-Savoyen" (Haute-Savoie). Captain Anjot, which replaced Tom Morel, murdered on the night of 9 to 10 March 1944 by a commander of the GMR, is hesitating, forces being too uneven. However, the leaders of the France free, anxious to win membership of the opinion, informed by Radio London and Radio Paris, who engaged a fierce war, decided the battle. March 26, 1944, German troops and the French militia launched a massive attack. Surrounded, 129 rebels and 20 resistant valleys cannot escape.
A living echo
The battle of the Glières then enters history as a symbol of the French resistance. According to historian Crémieux-Brilhac, "it becomes one of the most dramatic phase of psychological warfare." The ECHO is still alive. In 2007, shortly before the presidential election, Nicolas Sarkozy, conquered by this place, decides to make his pilgrimage, as François Mitterrand to the Roche de Solutré. "It is a place for me that a lot of sense, is not a place of nostalgia." "For me, being here, it is a message for the future, it is the French national identity," he said. Since then, the head of State visits each year on the plateau des Glières. Pilgrimage is not well accepted by certain associations of resistance, as wrote the "Veterans" review, say "deny that Nicolas Sarkozy takes advantage of the reputation of the place that it is on the same wavelength as the resistance." "Then his political program turns its back on the program developed by the national Council of resistance". For two years, the collective CAHR (resistant citizens of yesterday and today ' hui), submitted by Stéphane Hessel, sponsor of the association, and the former resistant Raymond Aubrac, organizes its side of the gatherings at the Glières to "remind the Republican values of solidarity, brotherhood, living together and justice" contained in the program of the national Council of resistance.
On the plateau, many trails of "memory" now allow visitors to follow in the footsteps of the rebels. Morette départemental historic site houses the national necropolis of the Glières, where are the Glières 105 resistant. The Museum of the resistance, he, is hosted in a chalet of Alpine dating from 1794, representative of those that supported the rebels.
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